Paver Patio Base Layers Explained
Pavers sit on two layers: a compacted gravel base of about 4 to 6 inches for patios, topped with a 1 inch bedding layer of coarse sand. The gravel spreads load and drains water; the sand gives a smooth, level bed to set each paver. Skipping or thinning these layers is the main reason pavers sink and shift.
The two layers
Base: 4 to 6 inches of compacted crushed-stone gravel for a patio (more for a driveway). Compact it in stages so it does not settle later.
Setting bed: a 1 inch layer of coarse, sharp sand screeded flat. Do not use a thick sand layer as the main base, or the pavers will rut.
How much to buy
Measure the patio area, then use the gravel calculator at your base depth and the sand calculator at 1 inch to get yards and tons for each layer.
Use the paver calculator for the number of pavers, and add about 5 percent for cuts. Polymeric sand to fill the joints is a separate, small purchase.
FAQ
How deep should a paver base be?
About 4 to 6 inches of compacted gravel for a patio, plus a 1 inch sand setting bed on top. Driveways need a deeper base.
What kind of sand goes under pavers?
Coarse, sharp sand (often sold as paver or all-purpose sand) for the 1 inch setting bed. Polymeric sand is used only to fill the joints after laying.